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| − | (Do you mean the [[Vanguard (Seattle)|Seattle fan group]]?)
| + | #REDIRECT [[VAPA]] |
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| − | The '''Vanguard Amateur Press Association''' ('''VAPA'''), AKA the '''Gothic Amateur Press Association''' ('''GAPA'''), and '''The Modern APA''' was [[fandom]]'s second [[apa]]. It was a spin-off from [[FAPA]] that fancied itself [[fanzine fandom]]'s intellectual elite. Maybe it was, maybe it wasn't, but it had among its members at various times a number of well-known [[fans]], some of whom became or already were well-known [[pros]], including but not limited to [[James Blish]], [[Robert Bloch]], [[Mel Brown]], [[Russell Chauvenet]], [[Bill Danner]], [[George Ebey]], [[Virginia Kidd Emden]] (who later became [[Virginia Blish]] and then [[Virginia Kidd]]), [[Dale Hart]], [[Joe Kennedy]], [[Jim Kepner]], [[Damon Knight]], [[Robert A. W. Lowndes]], [[John Michel]], [[Alva Rogers]], [[Samuel D. Russell]], [[Art Saha]], [[Larry Shaw]], [[Norm Stanley]], [[Raymond Washington, Jr.]], [[Harry Warner, Jr.]], [[Bill Watson]], [[Basil Wells]], [[Don Wollheim|Don]] &, [[Elsie Wollheim]] and [[Dan Zissman|Dan]] & [[Judy Zissman]] (later [[Judy Merril]])
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| − | or VAPA. The Vanguard Amateur Press Association was announced by the [[Futurians]] in March [[1945|'45]]. Since key Futurian [[FAPA]]tes had quit in the [[Little Interregnum]] of Feb '45, and since Futurian control of the new organization was solid, much hard feeling over "attempts to torpedo FAPA" resulted, and it was alleged that, having failed to dominate FAPA (which they had founded) the Futurians wanted to destroy it and start a new organization they could rule. (Actually, informs [[Larry Shaw]], it was true that VAPA was formed by Futurians as an organization they could control, but not that their intention was to scuttle FAPA; they didn't care what happened to the older group.)
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| − | The group was originally conceived as the [[Gothic Amateur Press Association]], and the first publication ([[Wollheim]]'s ''[[GAPA Vanguard]]'') came out with that name. Shortly afterward, a move began to change the name to [[Modern APA]], and [[Jim Blish]] put that name on the first issue of ''[[Tumbrils]]''. Finally a compromise was reached between Gothic and Moderns in the title Vanguard (and the first mag to bear this tag was [[Lowndes]]' ''[[Agenbite of Inwit]]'').
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| − | (Vanguard, for obvious semantic reasons, was a popular name with [[Futurians]] anyway; Blish and Lowndes about this time planned a Vanguard Record Company that came to naught after a few discs; in the [[stf]] boom of the middle '50s, Blish edited a [[prozine]] titled ''Vanguard'', which aroused discussion because people thought he was trying to capitalize on the use of that name by the US Govt for a rocket/missile.)
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| − | VAPA's setup was, to say the least, peculiar. An Official Manager ran the club -- put out the mailings (5 a year), handled funds and records, published the [[OO]] ''[[Vanguard Amateur]]'', and interpreted the Constitution; he was the only officer elected by the club. But a Board of Advisors (First, Second, and Third) dealt with admission to and renewal of membership. The idea was that each year the Third Advisor would drop out, the others move down one place, and the outgoing Official Manager become the new First Advisor. Since the OM for the first year ([[Lowndes]]) and all three advisers ([[Wollheim]], [[Larry Shaw]], and [[Virginia Kidd Emden]], in that order) were pre-selected by the [[Futurians]], accusations of a Plot to Dominate, whether or not true, had a certain plausibility. If such a plan existed, the Futurian split over the [[X Document]], later in the year, ruined it.
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| − | VAPA folded late in 1950 of inanition, for tho it contained such illustrious [[braintrusters]] as [[Lowndes]], [[Blish]], [[Norm Stanley]], [[Harry Warner, Jr.]], [[Bill Danner]], [[Damon Knight]] and [[C. Burton Stevenson]], only the New Yorkers showed much activity; when their energy leaked away, there wasn't anything left. 'Tis said the treasury was turned over to CARE or some similar charity. | |
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| − | As of the 2nd mailing, May 1945, the following were VAPA members: [[James Blish]], [[Russell Chauvenet]], [[George Ebey]], [[V. K. Emden]] (who of course was later [[Virginia Blish]]), [[Joe Kennedy]], [[Jim Kepner]], [[Damon Knight]], [[Robert Lowndes]], [[John Michel]], [[Benson Perry]], [[Alva Rogers]], [[Art Saha]], [[H. Loren Sinn]], [[Larry Shaw]], [[Norm Stanley]], [[Raymond Washington, Jr.]], [[Bill Watson]], [[Felix Wilsey]], [[Don Wollheim]], [[Elsie Wollheim]], [[Dan Zissman]] and [[Judy Zissman]] (later [[Merril]]). VAPA also had subscribers, who were at this point: [[F. Lee Baldwin]], [[C. L. Barrett]] MD, Capt. [[Jack B. Emden]], [[Walter Kubilius]], [[Walt Liebscher]], [[A. L. Schwartz]] and [[Graph Waldeyer]]. [[Lowndes]] was the "Provisional Manager," and [[Wollheim]], [[Larry Shaw]] and [[V. K. Emden]] were the 1st, 2nd and 3rd
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| − | "Advisors," respectively.
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| − | By the 5th mailing, November 1945, the membership had changed considerably. [[Chauvenet]] was gone, and the following had been added: [[Robert Bloch]], [[Mel Brown]], [[William Danner]], [[Dale Hart]], [[John Hollis Mason]], [[William R. Rau, Jr.]], [[Samuel D. Russell]], [[Henry Sostman]] and [[Basil Wells]]. Additional subscribers were [[Barbara Bliss]], [[Donn Brazier]], [[Walt Dunkelberger]], [[Emil Petaja]], [[Fred Pohl]] and [[Frank Wilimczyk]] -- [[Barrett]] had apparently let his subscription lapse.
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| − | Given some of the members and subscribers, I would question whether VAPA really was "[[fandom]]'s intellectual elite." Certainly no one would accuse [[Dunkelberger]] of that!
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| − | -- [[Robert Lichtman]]
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| − | === Members and [[Apazines]]:===
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| − | * [[F. Lee Baldwin]] --
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| − | * [[James Blish]] -- ''[[Tumbrils]]''
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| − | * [[Virginia Blish]] -- ''[[Occasional]]'', ''[[Fi'e Works]]''
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| − | * [[Donn Brazier]] -- ''[[Googol]]''
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| − | * [[Bill Danner]] -- ''[[A Dangerous Thing]]''
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| − | * [[Chan Davis]] -- ''[[macVert]]'', ''[[Blitherings]]''
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| − | * [[George Ebey]] -- ''[[Willie Acquires an Italian Hand]]''
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| − | * [[Lillian G. Edward]] -- ''[[The Muse]]''
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| − | * [[Marshall P. Grassly]] -- ''[[The Muse]]''
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| − | * [[Joe Kennedy]] -- ''[[Tales of Antiquity]]'', ''[[Joe's Jottings]]''
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| − | * [[Virginia Kidd]] -- ''[[Discrete]]'', ''[[Heeling Error]]''
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| − | * [[Norman Knight]] -- ''[[Knight's Mare]]''
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| − | * [[Robert A. W. Lowndes]] -- ''[[Snark]]'', ''[[Agenbite of Inwit]]'', ''[[Afterthought]]''
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| − | * [[Boff Perry]] --
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| − | * [[Larry Shaw]] -- ''[[Vanguard Variorum]]'', ''[[Science*Fiction (Shaw)]]''
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| − | * [[H. Loren Sinn]] -- ''[[Modern Concept]]''
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| − | * [[Norman Stanley]] -- ''[[Fan-Tods]]''
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| − | * [[C. Burton Stevenson]] -- ''[[Icky]]'', ''[[Report!]]''
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| − | * [[Bill Watson]] -- ''[[Willie Acquires an Italian Hand]]''
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| − | * [[Elsie Wollheim]] -- ''[[Highpoints]]''
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| − | * [[Dan Zissman|Dan]] and [[Judy Zissman]] -- ''[[Science*Fiction (Shaw)]]''
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| − | === [[OEs]]:===
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| − | {{publication}}
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| | + | [[Category:redirect]] |
| | [[Category:APA]] | | [[Category:APA]] |
| − | [[Category:Fancy2]]
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| − | [[Category:US]]
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